Teenagers are increasingly seeking evaluations for conditions such as ADHD, autism, dyslexia, anxiety, and depression. Unlike previous decades, where such diagnoses were often stigmatized, many teens now regard having a psychiatric label as socially acceptable, if not desirable.
In clinical practice, there has been a marked shift in how teenagers approach mental health evaluations. Many now arrive equipped with detailed knowledge about their symptoms and the disorders they suspect they might have. This trend contrasts sharply with earlier practices, where parents typically initiated the process, and teenagers often resisted the idea of assessment. Today, many youth prompt their parents to seek evaluations, clearly articulating how these potential conditions affect their academic and social lives.
A recent study involving over 100 psychiatrists at the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry’s annual meeting revealed that 74% of respondents frequently encounter patients who believe they have a psychiatric condition influenced by online content (Weigle, 2023). While social media certainly contributes to this phenomenon, multiple factors are at play in this rise of self-identification among teens.
One of the main reasons for this increase is the easy access to information. Young people today can find extensive resources about psychiatric disorders online, leading to greater awareness. However, this information is not always accurate, which can lead to misinterpretations of symptoms. In addition to health-related information, teens are also bombarded with news about global issues, which can exacerbate their stress levels.
The stigma surrounding mental health has decreased significantly, enabling more open discussions about these issues. Many teenagers now come to evaluations with lists of symptoms stored on their smartphones, having previously convinced their parents of the need for professional assessment. In many cases, evaluations involve questionnaires filled out by both the teen and their parents. Notably, many teens now express concerns about their mental health that mirror or exceed their parents’ worries, particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Increased societal awareness of mental health issues extends beyond teens and includes adults, educators, and healthcare providers. While unreliable information often circulates on social media, there are also numerous reliable resources available for learning about conditions like ADHD and autism. As awareness grows, the number of mental health professionals in the U.S. has also risen, with over 1 million practitioners now working across various fields, and this number is expected to grow rapidly (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2024).
Social contagion also influences self-identification among adolescents. Many teens may claim symptoms they do not genuinely possess due to exposure to online narratives. Changes in diagnostic criteria, such as the broadening of the autism spectrum in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, have also made it easier for individuals to fit into diagnostic categories. Additionally, many teens recognize that obtaining a diagnosis can lead to accommodations in academic settings, such as extended test times or additional support, making the pursuit of a diagnosis appealing.
Adolescence is inherently a time of identity exploration. The acceptance of a ‘neurodivergent’ identity can foster a sense of belonging among peers and provide a framework for understanding their experiences. While this can be empowering, it may also serve as an excuse to avoid personal responsibility. In this developmental stage, teens begin to think more abstractly and critically, which can lead to misguided self-diagnosis.
The wealth of information available online can make identifying individual symptoms easier than recognizing the broader context of one’s mental health. Teens may label themselves with a disorder without fully grasping the complexities involved, such as the impact of coexisting conditions or the nuances of their developmental stage.
While self-identification can be validating for young people, it is essential they receive accurate diagnoses and adequate support. Parents and clinicians should approach their concerns with empathy and openness, recognizing that many teenagers genuinely struggle with mental health issues. By validating their experiences while ensuring proper assessments, adults can help guide young people toward the care and resources they need to navigate their challenges effectively.
