Study reveals CBT mechanisms for treating binge-eating disorder

A recent study published in the International Journal of Eating Disorders explores the mechanisms behind Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for adults with Binge-Eating Disorder (BED). Conducted by researchers from multiple institutions in Germany, the study aimed to clarify how changes in specific cognitive factors influence binge-eating behaviors.

In this multicenter randomized-controlled trial, 84 participants diagnosed with either full or subsyndromal BED engaged in 20 individual CBT sessions over four months. The researchers utilized Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling (DSEM) to analyze the relationships between the overvaluation of shape and weight, dietary restraint, and objective binge-eating episodes (OBEs).

Findings indicated that from the beginning to the end of the therapy, participants experienced measurable reductions in the overvaluation of shape and weight, dietary restraint, and OBEs. Specifically, lower levels of overvaluation of shape and weight in any given week correlated with fewer OBEs in the following week, demonstrating a clear within-patient effect.

While dietary restraint did not directly affect the number of binge episodes, the study identified an interesting relationship: higher dietary restraint levels predicted increased overvaluation of shape and weight. This suggests that while dietary restraint may not directly lead to decreased binge eating, it can influence cognitive patterns associated with BED.

These findings highlight the importance of targeting cognitive distortions related to body image in CBT for BED. By addressing overvaluation of shape and weight, therapists can potentially foster improved eating behaviors among patients. The study calls for more detailed, timely assessments in future research to further investigate these mechanisms.

The implications of this research are significant for clinicians working with BED patients. Understanding how cognitive factors interact with eating behaviors can enhance treatment approaches and improve patient outcomes.